Mythology:

In order to understand the significance of the Plumeria Rubia in Mayan mythology you need to know the whole cast of Mayan gods. Plumeria shows up in #12 below.

Mayan Deities:

1 - Itzam Na - "one" or "unique" He is the greatest of the Gods.
Hunab Ku - "All powerful God of no Image" I listed this deity although information shows this diety did not exist until after the Spanish Conquest. It probabily came about due to christian influence.

2 - Ohoroxtotil - Father of the Sun.
Ben Ich - "He of the Starry Sky" He is a
great infinite Jaguar (his spots are
thought to be stars and planets).

3 - Ix Chebel Yax - Mother of the Sun.
Ix     un Zipit - Lady of the Sea.

 4 - Kunku Chacs - 'Kun' means "kindly" or "tender "'Ku' means "God".

5 - Ah Hadz'en Caan Chacs - "Lash" The Sky God.
 

6 - Ah Kin - "He of the Sun".

7 - Ix Ahau - "Mistress" She is the Mistress of Creative Arts and the Master of Weaving
(she like Athene, in the Greek myths,
worked her magick on the loom).

8 - Ah Kin - as the Patron of Knowledge and Power.

 9 - XAhau - "Lady Ahau" Moon Goddess Wife of Ah Kin (the Sun God).

10 - Cobel Cab - Mistress of the Earth.
Ix Tan Dz'onot - The Child of She who Sits in the Mud, the Child of She who emerges
from the Sand.

11 - Acan - God of Wine (Actually he rules over
intoxicating drinks such as beer, wine,
Kola, etc.) He is known for his loud
"bellowing" and his foolish behavior
He is Cacoch's aid (Cacoch is a God of
Creation).

12 - Ah Kin Xoc - 'Ah kin' means "Priest". 'Xoc' means "to count or read". He is a great singer, musician, and poet. He won the respect of the Sun God when he took the guise of a Hummingbird and
wooed the Moon Goddess. Husband of
the Plumeria, the sacred flower of Itzam Na (this flower rules Divine Sexuality, its colors are red and white). This Flower contained the secret of Truth and Immortality.

13 - Ix Chel - Moon Goddess She rules over Pro-creation, birth, medicine, and wisdom.
She is a Virgin but she had a secret
cult which she is regarded as a Sacred
Mistress to Itzam Na.

14 - Ix Ahau Na - "Palace-Lady".

15 - Canan Chul Chan - Guardian of Holy Sky. "Big Star".

16 - Itzam Na Kinch Ahau - Old Sun God of balanced judgement. Ruler of the
Bacabs (Elements).

17 - Xbalanque & Hunahpu - Twin Heros Brothers who heard the Divine Call of
Itzam Na which lead them to destroy the False Ones who had exalted themselves and deceived some Mayas to worship them; and defeated the Lords of Death.

18 - Nucuch Chacob - "The Great Chacs" Four horsemen who are the Rain Gods. They bring Water of Life from the
Gods to the Maya.

19 - Balanke - "Jaguar-Sun" This aspect of the Sun is the essence of Strenght (warrior-type strenght). He is considered a Great
Breast. All His Priests and Priestesses
are His harlots.

20 - Xob - Mother of Maize. All Maize Deities sprang
from Her seed (literally corn seed).

21 - Ek Chuah - He is the Merchant Diety, but most im-portantly is ruled the cacao which was the Mayan's biggest trade commodity.

22 - Itzam Na - as Great God who oversees Justice between the Gods and the Mayan who worships the Gods.

23 - Ku Kulcan - The Aztecs called Him "Quetzalcoatl".
He is the God of Self-sacrifice which
was done so the Maya could survive
and gain acknowledgement of Itzam Na.
Some myths place Him as the Judge of
the dead (but I would take this with
a gain of salt).

24 - Yum Cimil - "Lord of Death".

25 - Zip - Protector of the Deer (according to myth the Deer created the Vagina of the Moon Goddess by stepping on Her abdomen and then she was able to bear children of the Sun God. Note the sole of deer's foot looks like a Vagina). Zip would deceive hunters to believe he was shooting a deer when in fact it was a iguana (a sacred animal of Itzam Na; to kill one incites the Death penalty). To those who gained Zip's Favor meant a successful hunt.